Artistic Evolution & Influences

• Classical Foundation: The sculpture reflects Brown's deep knowledge of human anatomy and his study of ancient figures of Apollo during his time in Florence and Rome (1842–1844).

• Ethnographic Study: In 1848, Brown traveled to Mackinac Island, Lake Huron, for three weeks to sketch and study Native Americans. This trip provided the "proper material" he felt was necessary to execute the subject authentically on American soil.

• The Transition: While in Italy, Brown’s early attempts at Native American subjects often metamorphosed into classical Greek studies. Choosing the Arrow realized his long-held goal of successfully merging these two worlds.

The American Art-Union Commission

• The Contract: In March 1848, the American Art-Union commissioned Brown to create an Indian-themed statue for their annual lottery distribution.

• Production: Brown cast an edition of 20 bronzes for the Art-Union’s 1849 season.

• Success: The work was so well-received that it led to a second commission from the Art-Union in 1850 for his statue Filatrice.

Historical Significance in American Casting

• A National First: The 20 examples of Choosing the Arrow were the first bronze sculptures ever cast in the United States.

• The Brooklyn Foundry: To fulfill the commission, Brown established his own foundry in Brooklyn, hiring French emigres Bellenout and Lalouette to assist with the fabrication. This endeavor was a pivotal moment in the development of American bronze sculpture.

Variations Between Casts

Because Brown uniquely worked on and finished each casting, no two examples are identical. Known variations include:

• Details: The number of arrows (two or three) and the positioning of the left foot.

• Construction: The quiver strap was either cast as part of the figure or attached separately.

• Modesty: Some casts include a fig leaf, added by Brown at the specific request of certain clients.

• Patination: Finishes range from natural bronze to dark brown, though all were originally lacquered.

Current Status and Provenance

For decades, the sculpture was believed lost and was known only through engravings. Since its rediscovery in 1997, nine of the twenty original casts have been located:

• Museum Collections (5):

  • Amon Carter Museum of American Art

  • Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art

  • Denver Art Museum

  • The Lunder Collection at Colby College Museum of Art

  • The Metropolitan Museum of Art

• Private Collections (4): Two in Connecticut, one in Montana, and the present example.